<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?> 
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/Math/DTD/mathml2/xhtml-math11-f.dtd" > 
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="fcla-xml-1.32.css"?> 
<html  
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"  
><head><title></title> 
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> 
<meta name="generator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/)" /> 
<meta name="originator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/)" /> 
<!-- xhtml,mozilla,3,html --> 
<meta name="src" content="fcla-xml-1.32.tex" /> 
<meta name="date" content="2008-02-27 14:00:00" /> 
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="fcla-xml-1.32.css" /> 
</head><body 
>
<div class="center" 
>
<!--l. 10--><p class="noindent" >
</p><!--l. 12--><p class="noindent" ><span 
class="cmr-17x-x-143">A First Course in Linear Algebra</span>
</p><!--l. 16--><p class="noindent" ><span 
class="cmr-12x-x-120">by</span><br />
<span 
class="cmr-12x-x-120">Robert A.</span><span 
class="cmr-12x-x-120">&#x00A0;Beezer</span><br />
<span 
class="cmr-12x-x-120">Department of Mathematics and Computer Science</span><br />
<span 
class="cmr-12x-x-120">University of Puget Sound</span>
</p><!--l. 20--><p class="noindent" >Version 1.32
</p>
</div>
<!--l. 10--><p class="noindent" ><span 
class="cmsy-10x-x-120">&#x00A9;</span>&#x00A0;2004 by Robert A. Beezer.<br class="newline" />
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being
&#x201C;Preface&#x201D;, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the
license is included in the appendix entitled &#x201C;GNU Free Documentation
License&#x201D;.<br class="newline" />
The most recent version of this work can always be found at <a 
href="http://linear.ups.edu" class="url" ><span 
class="cmtt-12">http://linear.ups.edu</span></a>.<br class="newline" />
                                                                          

                                                                          
</p><!--l. 245--><p class="indent" >
                                                                          

                                                                          
</p>
   <div class="tableofcontents">
   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li1.xml#x2-1000" id="QQ2-2-1">Front Matter</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li2.xml#x3-2000" id="QQ2-3-2">Author Biography</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li3.xml#x4-3000" id="QQ2-4-3">Edition</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li4.xml#x5-4000" id="QQ2-5-4">Publisher</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li5.xml#x6-5000" id="QQ2-6-5">Dedication</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li6.xml#x7-6000" id="QQ2-7-6">Contributors</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li7.xml#x8-7000" id="QQ2-8-7">Definitions</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li8.xml#x9-8000" id="QQ2-9-8">Theorems</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li9.xml#x10-9000" id="QQ2-10-9">Notation</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li10.xml#x11-10000" id="QQ2-11-10">Examples</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li11.xml#x12-11000" id="QQ2-12-11">Preface</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li12.xml#x13-17000" id="QQ2-13-17">Acknowledgements</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likepartToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li13.xml#x14-18000" id="QQ2-14-18">Part C Core</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li14.xml#x15-19000" id="QQ2-15-19">Chapter SLE Systems of Linear Equations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li15.xml#x16-20000" id="QQ2-16-20">Section WILA What is Linear Algebra?</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li16.xml#x17-26000" id="QQ2-17-26">Section SSLE Solving Systems of Linear Equations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li17.xml#x18-33000" id="QQ2-18-33">Section RREF Reduced Row-Echelon Form</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li18.xml#x19-40000" id="QQ2-19-40">Section TSS Types of Solution Sets</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li19.xml#x20-46000" id="QQ2-20-46">Section HSE Homogeneous Systems of Equations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li20.xml#x21-52000" id="QQ2-21-52">Section NM Nonsingular Matrices</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li21.xml#x22-59000" id="QQ2-22-59">Chapter V Vectors</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li22.xml#x23-60000" id="QQ2-23-60">Section VO Vector Operations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li23.xml#x24-66000" id="QQ2-24-66">Section LC Linear Combinations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li24.xml#x25-73000" id="QQ2-25-73">Section SS Spanning Sets</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li25.xml#x26-79000" id="QQ2-26-79">Section LI Linear Independence</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li26.xml#x27-86000" id="QQ2-27-86">Section LDS Linear Dependence and Spans</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li27.xml#x28-92000" id="QQ2-28-92">Section O Orthogonality</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li28.xml#x29-102000" id="QQ2-29-102">Chapter M Matrices</a></span>
                                                                          

                                                                          
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li29.xml#x30-103000" id="QQ2-30-103">Section MO Matrix Operations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li30.xml#x31-112000" id="QQ2-31-112">Section MM Matrix Multiplication</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li31.xml#x32-121000" id="QQ2-32-121">Section MISLE Matrix Inverses and Systems of Linear Equations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li32.xml#x33-128000" id="QQ2-33-128">Section MINM Matrix Inverses and Nonsingular Matrices</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li33.xml#x34-134000" id="QQ2-34-134">Section CRS Column and Row Spaces</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li34.xml#x35-142000" id="QQ2-35-142">Section FS Four Subsets</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li35.xml#x36-151000" id="QQ2-36-151">Chapter VS Vector Spaces</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li36.xml#x37-152000" id="QQ2-37-152">Section VS Vector Spaces</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li37.xml#x38-160000" id="QQ2-38-160">Section S Subspaces</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li38.xml#x39-167000" id="QQ2-39-167">Section LISS Linear Independence and Spanning Sets</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li39.xml#x40-174000" id="QQ2-40-174">Section B Bases</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li40.xml#x41-182000" id="QQ2-41-182">Section D Dimension</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li41.xml#x42-190000" id="QQ2-42-190">Section PD Properties of Dimension</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li42.xml#x43-199000" id="QQ2-43-199">Chapter D Determinants</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li43.xml#x44-200000" id="QQ2-44-200">Section DM Determinant of a Matrix</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li44.xml#x45-207000" id="QQ2-45-207">Section PDM Properties of Determinants of Matrices</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li45.xml#x46-215000" id="QQ2-46-215">Chapter E Eigenvalues</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li46.xml#x47-216000" id="QQ2-47-216">Section EE Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li47.xml#x48-225000" id="QQ2-48-225">Section PEE Properties of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li48.xml#x49-231000" id="QQ2-49-231">Section SD Similarity and Diagonalization</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li49.xml#x50-240000" id="QQ2-50-240">Chapter LT Linear Transformations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li50.xml#x51-241000" id="QQ2-51-241">Section LT Linear Transformations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li51.xml#x52-251000" id="QQ2-52-251">Section ILT Injective Linear Transformations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li52.xml#x53-260000" id="QQ2-53-260">Section SLT Surjective Linear Transformations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li53.xml#x54-269000" id="QQ2-54-269">Section IVLT Invertible Linear Transformations</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li54.xml#x55-279000" id="QQ2-55-279">Chapter R Representations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li55.xml#x56-280000" id="QQ2-56-280">Section VR Vector Representations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li56.xml#x57-287000" id="QQ2-57-287">Section MR Matrix Representations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li57.xml#x58-294000" id="QQ2-58-294">Section CB Change of Basis</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li58.xml#x59-302000" id="QQ2-59-302">Section OD Orthonormal Diagonalization</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li59.xml#x60-307000" id="QQ2-60-307">Section NLT Nilpotent Linear Transformations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li60.xml#x61-311000" id="QQ2-61-311">Section IS Invariant Subspaces</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li61.xml#x62-315000" id="QQ2-62-315">Section JCF Jordan Canonical Form</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li62.xml#x63-320000" id="QQ2-63-320">Appendix CN Computation Notes</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li63.xml#x64-321000" id="QQ2-64-321">Section MMA Mathematica</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li64.xml#x65-332000" id="QQ2-65-332">Section TI86 Texas Instruments 86</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li65.xml#x66-337000" id="QQ2-66-337">Section TI83 Texas Instruments 83</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li66.xml#x67-341000" id="QQ2-67-341">Appendix P Preliminaries</a></span>
                                                                          

                                                                          
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li67.xml#x68-342000" id="QQ2-68-342">Section CNO Complex Number Operations</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li68.xml#x69-346000" id="QQ2-69-346">Section SET Sets</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li69.xml#x70-349000" id="QQ2-70-349">Section PT Proof Techniques</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li70.xml#x71-367000" id="QQ2-71-367">Appendix A Archetypes</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li71.xml#x72-368000" id="QQ2-72-368">Archetype A </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li72.xml#x73-370000" id="QQ2-73-370">Archetype B </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li73.xml#x74-372000" id="QQ2-74-372">Archetype C </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li74.xml#x75-374000" id="QQ2-75-374">Archetype D </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li75.xml#x76-376000" id="QQ2-76-376">Archetype E </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li76.xml#x77-378000" id="QQ2-77-378">Archetype F </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li77.xml#x78-380000" id="QQ2-78-380">Archetype G </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li78.xml#x79-382000" id="QQ2-79-382">Archetype H </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li79.xml#x80-384000" id="QQ2-80-384">Archetype I </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li80.xml#x81-386000" id="QQ2-81-386">Archetype J </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li81.xml#x82-388000" id="QQ2-82-388">Archetype K </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li82.xml#x83-390000" id="QQ2-83-390">Archetype L </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li83.xml#x84-392000" id="QQ2-84-392">Archetype M </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li84.xml#x85-394000" id="QQ2-85-394">Archetype N </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li85.xml#x86-396000" id="QQ2-86-396">Archetype O </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li86.xml#x87-398000" id="QQ2-87-398">Archetype P </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li87.xml#x88-400000" id="QQ2-88-400">Archetype Q </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li88.xml#x89-402000" id="QQ2-89-402">Archetype R </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li89.xml#x90-404000" id="QQ2-90-404">Archetype S </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li90.xml#x91-406000" id="QQ2-91-406">Archetype T </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li91.xml#x92-408000" id="QQ2-92-408">Archetype U </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li92.xml#x93-410000" id="QQ2-93-410">Archetype V </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li93.xml#x94-412000" id="QQ2-94-412">Archetype W </a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li94.xml#x95-414000" id="QQ2-95-414">Archetype X </a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#x96-416000" id="QQ2-96-416">Appendix GFDL GNU Free Documentation License</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-417">1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-418">2. VERBATIM COPYING</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-419">3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-420">4. MODIFICATIONS</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-421">5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-422">6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-423">7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-424">8. TRANSLATION</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-425">9. TERMINATION</a></span>
                                                                          

                                                                          
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-426">10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="sectionToc" > <a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li95.xml#Q1-96-427">ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likepartToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li96.xml#x97-417000" id="QQ2-97-428">Part T Topics</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li97.xml#x98-418000" id="QQ2-98-429">Section F Fields</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li98.xml#x99-424000" id="QQ2-99-435">Section T Trace</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li99.xml#x100-427000" id="QQ2-100-438">Section HP Hadamard Product</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li100.xml#x101-430000" id="QQ2-101-441">Section VM Vandermonde Matrix</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li101.xml#x102-431000" id="QQ2-102-442">Section PSM Positive Semi-definite Matrices</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li102.xml#x103-434000" id="QQ2-103-445">Chapter MD Matrix Decompositions</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li103.xml#x104-435000" id="QQ2-104-446">Section ROD Rank One Decomposition</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li104.xml#x105-436000" id="QQ2-105-447">Section TD Triangular Decomposition</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li105.xml#x106-440000" id="QQ2-106-451">Section SVD Singular Value Decomposition</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li106.xml#x107-443000" id="QQ2-107-454">Section SR Square Roots</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li107.xml#x108-445000" id="QQ2-108-456">Section POD Polar Decomposition</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likepartToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li108.xml#x109-446000" id="QQ2-109-457">Part A Applications</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li109.xml#x110-447000" id="QQ2-110-458">Section CF Curve Fitting</a></span>
<br />   &#x00A0;<span class="likesectionToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li110.xml#x111-450000" id="QQ2-111-461">Section SAS Sharing A Secret</a></span>
<br />   <span class="likechapterToc" ><a 
href="fcla-xml-1.32li111.xml#x112-451000" id="QQ2-112-462">Index</a></span>
   </div>
                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          
                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          
                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          

                                                                          
                                                                          

                                                                          
<!--l. 319--><p class="indent" >
                                                                          

                                                                          
</p>
                                                                          

                                                                          
                                                                          

                                                                          
<!--l. 524--><p class="indent" >
                                                                          

                                                                          
</p>
                                                                          

                                                                          
                                                                          

                                                                          
<!--l. 560--><p class="indent" >
                                                                          

                                                                          
</p> 
</body> 
</html> 

                                                                          


