Solution MR.C42 Robert Beezer
Choose bases $B$ and $C$ for $M_{12}$ and $M_{21}$ (respectively), \begin{align*} B=\set{ \begin{bmatrix}1 & 0\end{bmatrix},\, \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1\end{bmatrix} } C=\set{ \begin{bmatrix}1 \\ 0\end{bmatrix},\, \begin{bmatrix}0 \\ 1\end{bmatrix} } \end{align*} The resulting matrix representation is \begin{equation*} \matrixrep{R}{B}{C} = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 3\\ 4 & 11 \end{bmatrix} \end{equation*} This matrix is invertible (its determinant is nonzero, Theorem SMZD), so by Theorem IMR, we can compute the matrix representation of $\ltinverse{R}$ with a matrix inverse (Theorem TTMI), \begin{equation*} \matrixrep{\ltinverse{R}}{C}{B} =\inverse{\begin{bmatrix}1 & 3\\4 & 11\end{bmatrix}} =\begin{bmatrix}-11 & 3\\4 & -1\end{bmatrix} \end{equation*} To obtain a general formula for $\ltinverse{R}$, use Theorem FTMR, \begin{align*} \lt{\ltinverse{R}}{\begin{bmatrix}x \\ y\end{bmatrix}} &=\vectrepinv{B}{\matrixrep{\ltinverse{R}}{C}{B}\vectrep{C}{\begin{bmatrix}x\\y\end{bmatrix}}}\\ &=\vectrepinv{B}{\begin{bmatrix}-11&3\\4&-1\end{bmatrix}\colvector{x\\y}}\\ &=\vectrepinv{B}{\colvector{-11x+3y\\4x-y}}\\ &=\begin{bmatrix}-11x+3y&4x-y\end{bmatrix} \end{align*}